Effizienz, Umwelt- und Verbraucherschutz durch standortgerechten Maisanbau und Mittelpunkt des umweltbezogenen Dynamischen Reife- und Analysesystems (DRA) | Efficiency, Environmental and Consumer Protection According to Location-conditioned Production of Maize and Focus of Environmental Dynamic Ripeness and Analysis System (DRA)

Data from maize variety trials of the years 1999–2011 in the central German dry area were subjected to secondary analysis using methods of mathematical statistics.The dependence of all use directions in maize is been quantified by the environments. With the phenological ripeness indicator (grain dry matter content/dry matter content of residual plant) to document the differences compared to the currently valid ripeness system with use-specific ripeness numbers.The achievement of physiological grain ripening of 63% is the interface in all directions in the use of maize and at the same time level for the comparable ripeness (63% TM) in connection with the Silage maize Ripeness Index (SRI of 2.75) in the cultivation of ensiled maize. Their specific characteristics are low and with respect to efficiency, environmental and consumer protection are discussed.With the phenological Silage maize Ripeness Indicator (SRI), both the DM content of the whole plant as a parameter for the time of harvest (EZP) of silage and energy maize as well as the use-specific numbers of the ripeness for choice of variety of all usages should be replaced. A classification of the varieties only on the ripeness groups would fully comply with maize production in dependence of environment.Agronomic differences also between the silage and energy maize in the field of phenological silage optimum (SRI 2.6–2.9) and more generally are not found in site-oriented maize production, so the description chosen ensilaged maize. In principle, it goes in both processes to the production of energy that is winning after ensiling on the path of microbial fermentation in the rumen or fermenter.The wide ripeness ratio between grain and residual plant is multifunctional guarantor for the better plant health (zearalenone and carotene content), the resource efficiency of fertilizer-N in accordance with the yield-related N denials and soil stocks of N and basic product safety and sustainability of the process of ensilaged maize.A precise fixing of the EZP is possible only with the SRI. The EZP is correct in principle at the maximum possible given SRI (harvest ripeness). Depending on the environments and the variety election the EZP can be far different from optimum ripeness (ensiling ripeness). Ideal is a high maximum SRI of 2.9 and more also addition to a high forage performance by alone feeding of maize silage with improved structural efficiency in the rumen can be.