Widespread Pesticide Distribution in the European Atmosphere Questions their Degradability in Air
2024
Degrendele, Céline | Mayer, Ludovic | Šenk, Petr | Kohoutek, Jiři | Přibylová, Petra | Kukučka, Petr | Melymuk, Lisa | Durand, Amandine | Ravier, Sylvain | Alastuey, Andres | Baker, Alex | Baltensperger, Urs | Baumann-Stanzer, Kathrin | Biermann, Tobias | Bohlin-Nizzetto, Pernilla | Ceburnis, Darius | Conil, Sébastien | Couret, Cédric | Degórska, Anna | Diapouli, Evangelia | Eckhardt, Sabine | Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos | Forster, Grant | Freier, Korbinian | Gheusi, François | Gini, Maria | Hellén, Heidi | Henne, Stephan | Herrmann, Hartmut | Holubová Šmejkalová, Adéla | Hõrrak, Urmas | Hüglin, Christoph | Junninen, Heikki | Kristensson, Adam | Langrene, Laurent | Levula, Janne | Lothon, Marie | Ludewig, Elke | Makkonen, Ulla | Matejovičová, Jana | Mihalopoulos, Nikolaos | Mináriková, Veronika | Moche, Wolfgang | Noe, Steffen | Pérez, Noemí | Petäjä, Tuukka | Pont, Véronique | Poulain, Laurent | Quivet, Etienne | Ratz, Gabriela | Rehm, Till | Reimann, Stefan | Simmons, Ivan | Sonke, Jeroen | Sorribas, Mar | Spoor, Ronald | Swart, Daan | Vasilatou, Vasiliki | Wortham, Henri | Yela, Margarita | Zarmpas, Pavlos | Zellweger Fäsi, Claudia | Tørseth, Kjetil | Laj, Paolo | Klánová, Jana | Lammel, Gerhard | Laboratoire Chimie de l'environnement (LCE) ; Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Masaryk University [Brno] = Masarykova univerzita [Brno] = Université Masaryk [Brno] (MU / MUNI) | Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA) ; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas [España] = Spanish National Research Council [Spain] (CSIC) | University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA) | Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) | GeoSphere Austria | Lund University | Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) | University of Galway | Agence Nationale pour la Gestion des Déchets Radioactifs (ANDRA) | German Federal Environmental Agency / Umweltbundesamt (UBA) | Iinstitute of Environmental Protection - National Research Institute (IOS-PIB) | National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos" (NCSR) | Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt = Bavarian Environment Agency (LfU) | Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) | Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (Fédération OSUG)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP) ; Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) | European Project: 654109,H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015,H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015,ACTRIS-2(2015)
International audience
Show more [+] Less [-]English. Risk assessment of pesticide impacts on remote ecosystems makes use of model-estimated degradation in air. Recent studies suggest these degradation rates to be overestimated, questioning current pesticide regulation. Here, we investigated the concentrations of 76 pesticides in Europe at 29 rural, coastal, mountain, and polar sites during the agricultural application season. Overall, 58 pesticides were observed in the European atmosphere. Low spatial variation of 7 pesticides suggests continental-scale atmospheric dispersal. Based on concentrations in free tropospheric air and at Arctic sites, 22 pesticides were identified to be prone to long-range atmospheric transport, which included 15 substances approved for agricultural use in Europe and 7 banned ones. Comparison between concentrations at remote sites and those found at pesticide source areas suggests long atmospheric lifetimes of atrazine, cyprodinil, spiroxamine, tebuconazole, terbuthylazine, and thiacloprid. In general, our findings suggest that atmospheric transport and persistence of pesticides have been underestimated and that their risk assessment needs to be improved.
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