Identification of fatty acids contained in the oils extracted from seeds of three different species of fruit | Identificación de ácidos grasos contenidos en los aceites extraídos a partir de semillas de tres diferentes especies de frutas

English. The objective of the study was to determine yield in oil and composition in the fatty acids present in three different seeds from Andean fruits: Lulo castilla variety (Solanum quitoense); blackberry castillavariety (Rubus glaucus), and the passion fruit or maracuya (Passiflora edulis). The extraction was carried out by solvent extraction method with a Soxhlet extractor using ethyl ether as solvent at 99.8% to purity and boiling point of 40 - 60 ° C. To identify the fatty acids gas chromatography with FID detector (GC-FID) was used. Oil yields were obtained from 8.5% for lulo, 12.2% for blackberry and 21.2% for maracuya. The fatty acids found were the follow: In seeds of lulo were found palmitic acid 15.6% and linoleic acid 58.1%; in seeds of blackberry 50.1% of linoleic acid and linolenic acid 25.1%; in seeds of maracuya, palmitic acid 15.44%, oleic acid 15.47% and linoleic 63.1%. The fat content of the studied seeds evidence their potential as oleaginous raw material and the identification of the previous factty acids makes them an important source of components for the food, pharmaceutical or cosmetic industry.

Spanish; Castilian. En este estudio se midió el rendimiento de aceite y la composición de ácidos grasos presentes en se- millas de las frutas andinas tropicales: lulo de la variedad castilla (Solanum quitoense), mora de la variedad castilla (Rubus glaucus) y maracuyá (Passiflora edulis). La extracción se hizo con solventes en un extractor Soxhlet utilizando éter etílico al 99.8% de pureza y punto de ebullición 40 - 60 ºC. Para identificar los ãcidos grasos se empleó cromatografia de gases con detector FID (GC-FID). Los rendimientos en aceite fueron de 8.5% para lulo, 12.2% para mora y 21.2% para maracuyá. Los ácidos grasos encontrados en semillas de lulo fueron palmítico (15.6%) y linoléico (58.1%); en semillas de mora linoléico (50.1%) y linolénico (25.1%) y en las de maracuyá palmítico (15.44%), oleico (15.47%) y linoléico (63.1%). El contenido graso de las semillas evaluadas evidenció su potencial como materia prima oleaginosa y por sus contenidos de ácidos grasos se pueden considerar una fuente importante de componentes para las industrias alimentaria, farmacéutica y cosmética.