Health effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in common diseases
2021
Jia, G. | Qiong, Z. | Yong-Hua, W.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), such as alpha-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids mostly exist in marine-derived foods, and have shown beneficial effects for hypertriglyceridemia, endothelial function, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Studies suggest that n-3 PUFAs can regulate the activity of NF-κB, Nrf2, SREBP-1c, and PPARα, which are linked to inflammations, ROS homeostasis, and lipid metabolism. Several epidemiological trials and physiological studies indicated protective effect of n-3 PUFAs against various common diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This review summarises the findings of many such studies highlighting the beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs.
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