Nutrient deficiency symptoms and uptake relations in juvenile hazelnut (Corylus avellana) in response to macronutrient supply
2023
Voogt, W. | Butturini, M. | Sun, W. | Suarez Huerta, E. | Marcelis, L.
The characterization of macronutrient (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S) deficiencies in Corylus avellana is poorly documented, whereas early detection of nutrient shortages would help to prevent yield and quality reductions in hazelnut production. In a four-month greenhouse trial, nutrient deficiencies of macro-elements were induced by growing one-year-old ‘Tonda di Giffoni’ plants in 5-L containers with perlite with macronutrients individually applied at 0, 50 and 100% reduction in the supply concentration of a standard nutrient solution. Except for P, all nutrient disorders were visually induced in the zero treatments, after four (N and K) to six weeks (Ca, Mg, S). In the 50% treatments, deficiency symptoms appeared only for N, Ca, and S. The zero treatments of N, P, K, and S resulted in a significant reduction in biomass, whereas in the 50% treatments, growth was reduced significantly for N only. The nutrient contents in stem and foliage tissue demonstrated positive relationships with the nutrient concentrations applied at the root zone. Despite the clear response of biomass and tissue content to the P-supply, the lack of visible symptoms of P-deficiency was remarkable. The quantity of P in the initial plant was likely sufficient as a P-source, resulting in slight growth reduction but without initiating symptoms in this short growing cycle. Nevertheless, the average P contents in the final harvested leaves were extremely low (25 mmol kg-1 DM) compared to standard values mentioned in literature (50 mmol kg-1 DM).
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