From animal models to gut-on-chip: the challenging journey to capture inter-individual variability in chronic digestive disorders
2024
Kriaa, Aicha | Mariaule, Vincent | de Rudder, Charlotte | Jablaoui, Amin | Sokol, Harry | Wilmes, Paul | Maguin, Emmanuelle | Rhimi, Moez | MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS) ; AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Université du Luxembourg = University of Luxembourg = Universität Luxemburg (uni.lu) | Luxembourg Centre For Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) ; Université du Luxembourg = University of Luxembourg = Universität Luxemburg (uni.lu) | Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA) ; Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU) | The European Union’s Horizon 2020 Widening Fellowships (N° 101026381) | ANR-23-CE14-0073,RestorPro,Vers une approche personnalisée pour rétablir l'homéostasie protéolytique dans les inflammations digestives(2023) | European Project: 952583,H2020-EU.4.b. - Twinning of research institutions,MICAfrica(2021) | European Project: 964590,H2020-EU.3.1. - SOCIETAL CHALLENGES - Health, demographic change and well-being;H2020-EU.3.1.1. - Understanding health, wellbeing and disease,IHMCSA(2021) | European Project: 863664,H2020-EU.1.1. - EXCELLENT SCIENCE - European Research Council (ERC),ExpoBiome(2020)
International audience
Show more [+] Less [-]English. Chronic digestive disorders are of increasing incidence worldwide with expensive treatments and no available cure. Available therapeutic schemes mainly rely on symptom relief, with large degrees of variability in patients' response to such treatments, underlining the need for new therapeutic strategies. There are strong indications that the gut microbiota's contribution seems to be a key modulator of disease activity and patients' treatment responses. Hence, efforts have been devoted to understanding host-microbe interactions and the mechanisms underpinning such variability. Animal models, being the gold standard, provide valuable mechanistic insights into host-microbe interactions. However, they are not exempt from limitations prompting the development of alternative methods. Emerging microfluidic technologies and gut-on-chip models were shown to mirror the main features of gut physiology and disease state, reflect microbiota modification, and include functional readouts for studying host responses. In this commentary, we discuss the relevance of animal models in understanding host-microbe interactions and how gut-on-chip technology holds promises for addressing patient variability in responses to chronic digestive disease treatment.
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