PRODUCTIVITY OF CROP ROTATIONS ON CHERNOZEM TYPICAL IN THE NORTHEASTERN REGION OF THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION

The purpose of the research is to assess the impact of various types of crop rotations in combination with means of intensification and protection of agrocenoses from harmful objects on the productivity of arable land. The work was carried out in the conditions of the northeast of the Central Black Earth Region on typical heavy loamy chernozem with a humus content of 6.8-7.0%. Three crop rotations were studied in the stationary field experiment of Tambov NIISKh: grain-grass-tillage, grain-fallow-tillage and grain-tillage under different levels of agricultural background intensification and the system of protection of agrocenoses from damage. According to the results of the field experiment, the highest productivity of arable land (yield from 1 ha of crop rotation area) was obtained in grain-fallow-tillage crop rotation - 4.47 thousand tons/ha of grain units. In grain-grass-tillage and grain-tillage rotations the yield of grain units from 1 ha of arable land amounted to 3.07 and 3.26 thousand tons. Application of mineral fertilizers provided an increase in productivity of crop rotations. At that, it was the greatest on the background N60P60K60 kg of active ingredient/ha of arable land, in grain-grass-tillage- 0.51, in grain-fallow-tillage- 1.08 and in grain-tillage rotation - 0.31 thousand tons/ha of grain units. Maximum productivity of arable land was observed at the level of agricultural background intensification N60P60K60 in complex with protection of agrocenoses: grain-grass-tillage rotation - 3.63, grain-fallow-tillage - 5.33 and grain- tillage - 3.72 thousand tons/ha of grain units, with indicators on control (without fertilizers and plant protection) - 2.57; 3.50 and 2.36 thousand tons/ha of grain units, respectively