The Emergence of Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterial Lymphadenitis in Children After the Discontinuation of Mandatory BCG Immunization in France
2018
Lacroix, Adele | Piau, Caroline | Lanotte, Philippe | Carricajo, Anne | Guillouzouic, Aurélie | Peuchant, Olivia | Cady, Anne | Dupin, Clarisse | Fangous, Marie-Sarah | Cariou, Marie-Estelle | Le Gall, Florence | Bémer, Pascale | Tattevin, Pierre | Mycomed Group, . | Martin, Christian | Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes [CHU Rennes] = Rennes University Hospital [Pontchaillou] | Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT) | Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours) | Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E) | Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes = Nantes University Hospital (CHU Nantes) | Service de Bactériologie ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux (CHU Bordeaux)-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin | Centre hospitalier Bretagne Atlantique (Morbihan) (CHBA) | Centre Hospitalier de St Brieuc ; Partenaires INRAE | Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest) | Groupe Hospitalier Bretagne Sud (GHBS) | Centre Hospitalier de Quimper ; Partenaires INRAE | CHU Limoges
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Show more [+] Less [-]English. Eighty-five children were diagnosed with culture-confirmed non-tuberculous mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis within the MYCOMED surveillance network in 2004-2013. The mean incidence sharply increased from 0.57 to 3.7 per 100,000 children/year, following discontinuation of mandatory BCG immunization in 2007. Cases were due to Mycobacterium avium (62.3%), M. intracellulare (15.3%), and M. lentiflavum(12.9%). Outcome was favorable in all, with or without surgery or antimycobacterial treatment.
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