Associations of supermarket characteristics with weight status and body fat: a multilevel analysis of individuals within supermarkets (RECORD study)
2012
Chaix, Basile | Bean, Kathy | Daniel, Mark | Zenk, Shannon N. | Kestens, Yan | Charreire, Hélène | Leal, Cinira | Thomas, Frédérique | Karusisi, Noëlla | Weber, Christiane | Oppert, Jean-Michel | Simon, Chantal | Merlo, Juan | Pannier, Bruno | Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation (ESIM) ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) | Centre d'Investigations Préventives et Cliniques (CIPC) ; Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Jean Verdier [AP-HP] ; Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP) | Sansom Research Institute ; University of South Australia | University of Illinois [Chicago] (UIC) ; University of Illinois System | Université de Montréal (UdeM) | LAB'URBA (LAB'URBA) ; Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12) | Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153) ; Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [Cnam] (Cnam)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) | École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP) | Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement (LIVE) ; Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Régulations métaboliques, nutrition et diabètes (RMND) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon) ; Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) | The Enteric Nervous System in gut and brain disorders [U1235] (TENS) ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE) ; Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN) | Skane University Hospital [Lund] | Institute for Public Health Research (Institut de Recherche en Sante Publique); National Institute for Prevention and Health Education (Institut National de Prevention et d'Education pour la Sante) [074/07-DAS]; National Institute of Public Health Surveillance (Institut de Veille Sanitaire); French Ministries of Research and Health (Epidemiologic Cohorts); National Health Insurance Office for Salaried Workers (Caisse Nationale d'Assurance Maladie des Travailleurs Salaries); National Research Agency (Agence Nationale de la Recherche) [00153 05]; Ile-de-France Regional Health Agency (Agence Regionale de Sante d'Ile-de-France); City of Paris (Ville de Paris); Ile-de-France Regional Council (Conseil Regional d'Ile-de-France, DIM SEnT and CODDIM); Ile-de-France Youth, Sports, and Social Cohesion Regional Direction (Direction Regionale de la Jeunesse et des Sports et de la Cohesion Sociale); Swedish Research Council; Canadian Institutes for Health Research
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Show more [+] Less [-]English. PURPOSE: Previous research on the influence of the food environment on weight status has often used impersonal measures of the food environment defined for residential neighborhoods, which ignore whether people actually use the food outlets near their residence. To assess whether supermarkets are relevant contexts for interventions, the present study explored between-residential neighborhood and between-supermarket variations in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), and investigated associations between brands and characteristics of supermarkets and BMI or WC, after adjustment for individual and residential neighborhood characteristics. METHODS: Participants in the RECORD Cohort Study (Paris Region, France, 2007-2008) were surveyed on the supermarket (brand and exact location) where they conducted their food shopping. Overall, 7 131 participants shopped in 1 097 different supermarkets. Cross-classified multilevel linear models were estimated for BMI and WC. RESULTS: Just 11.4% of participants shopped for food primarily within their residential neighborhood. After accounting for participants' residential neighborhood, people shopping in the same supermarket had a more comparable BMI and WC than participants shopping in different supermarkets. After adjustment for individual and residential neighborhood characteristics, participants shopping in specific supermarket brands, in hard discount supermarkets (especially if they had a low education), and in supermarkets whose catchment area comprised low educated residents had a higher BMI/WC. CONCLUSION: A public health strategy to reduce excess weight may be to intervene on specific supermarkets to change food purchasing behavior, as supermarkets are where dietary preferences are materialized into definite purchased foods.
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