CO<sub>2</sub> balance of boreal, temperate, and tropical forests derived from a global database
2007
Luyssaert, S. | Inglima, I. | Jung, M. | Richardson, A. D. | Reichstein, M. | Papale, D. | Piao, S. L. | Schulze, E. -D. | Wingate, L. | Matteucci, G. | Aragao, L. | Aubinet, M. | Beer, C. | Bernhofer, C. | Black, K. G. | Bonal, Damien | Bonnefond, J. -M. | Chambers, J. | Ciais, Philippe | Cook, B. | Davis, K. J. | Dolman, A. J. | Gielen, B. | Goulden, M. | Grace, J. | Granier, A. | Grelle, A. | Griffis, T. | Grünwald, T. | Guidolotti, G. | Hanson, P. J. | Harding, R. | Hollinger, D. Y. | Hutyra, L. R. | Kolari, P. | Kruijt, B. | Kutsch, W. | Lagergren, F. | Laurila, T. | Law, B. E. | Le Maire, G. | Lindroth, A. | Loustau, D. | Malhi, Y. | Mateus, J. | Migliavacca, M. | Misson, L. | Montagnani, L. | Moncrieff, J. | Moors, E. | Munger, J. W. | Nikinmaa, E. | Ollinger, S. V. | Pita, G. | Rebmann, C. | Roupsard, O. | Saigusa, N. | Sanz, M. J. | Seufert, G. | Sierra, C. | Smith, M. -L. | Tang, J. | Valentini, R. | Vesala, T. | Janssens, I. A. | Department of Biology ; University of Antwerp (UA) | Faculty of Information Sciences and Engineering ; University of Canberra | Department of Biogeochemical Integration [Jena] ; Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC) ; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft | Department of Forest Environment and Resources ; Università degli studi della Tuscia = Tuscia University [Viterbo] (UNITUS) | Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research ; Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS) | Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences ; Peking University [Beijing] | Max-Planck-Institut für Biogeochemie (MPI-BGC) | Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement (EPHYSE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | CNR-ISAFOM ; CNR-ISAFOM | School of Geography and the Environment, Environmental Change Institute ; University of Oxford | AgroBio Tech GxABT ; Université de Liège = University of Liège = Universiteit van Luik = Universität Lüttich (ULiège) | Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology [Tharandt] ; Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden) | Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University ; University of New Orleans | Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE) ; Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) ; Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) | ICOS-ATC (ICOS-ATC) ; Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE) ; Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) ; Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) ; Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) | Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta] | PennState Meteorology Department ; Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) ; Penn State System-Penn State System | Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences [Amsterdam] (FALW) ; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU) | Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology ; Department of Biology | School of Geosciences [Edinburgh] ; The University of Edinburgh | Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL) | Department of Ecology ; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences = Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU) | Department soil, water & climate ; University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN) ; University of Minnesota System (UMN)-University of Minnesota System (UMN) | Department of Computer Science [Dresden] ; Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden) | Centre for Ecology & Hydrology - Bush Estate ; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) | NE Research Station ; USDA Forest Service | Urban Design and Planning ; University of Washington [Seattle] | Forest Ecology and Management [Helsinki] ; Department of Forest Sciences [Helsinki] ; Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry [Helsinki] ; Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry [Helsinki] ; Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki | Earth System Science-Climate Change ; Centre for Water and Climate [Wageningen] | Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC) ; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft | Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund] ; Skane University Hospital [Lund] | Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) | College of Forestry ; Oregon State University (OSU) | Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro) | Unité de recherches forestières (BORDX PIERR UR) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment ; University of Oxford | Imperial College London | Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE) ; Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Occitanie])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro) | Servizi Forestali ; Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano, Agenzia per l'Ambiente | The University of Edinburgh | Alterra [Wageningen] (ESS-CC) ; Centre for Water and Climate [Wageningen] | Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Cambridge, USA] (EPS) ; Harvard University | Department of Forest Sciences [Helsinki] ; Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry [Helsinki] ; Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki | Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française (ATILF) ; Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | National Cancer Institute [Bethesda] (NCI-NIH) ; National Institutes of Health [Bethesda, MD, USA] (NIH) | Fonctionnement et pilotage des écosystèmes de plantations (UPR Ecosystèmes de plantations) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad) | Department of Forest Science and Environment ; Università degli studi della Tuscia = Tuscia University [Viterbo] (UNITUS) | Department of Physical Sciences [Helsinki] ; Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki
International audience
Show more [+] Less [-]English. Terrestrial ecosystems sequester 2.1 Pg of atmospheric carbon annually. A large amount of the terrestrial sink is realized by forests. However, considerable uncertainties remain regarding the fate of this carbon over both short and long timescales. Relevant data to address these uncertainties are being collected at many sites around the world, but syntheses of these data are still sparse. To facilitate future synthesis activities, we have assembled a comprehensive global database for forest ecosystems, which includes carbon budget variables (fluxes and stocks), ecosystem traits (e.g. leaf area index, age), as well as ancillary site information such as management regime, climate, and soil characteristics. This publicly available database can be used to quantify global, regional or biome-specific carbon budgets; to re-examine established relationships; to test emerging hypotheses about ecosystem functioning [e.g. a constant net ecosystem production (NEP) to gross primary production (GPP) ratio]; and as benchmarks for model evaluations. In this paper, we present the first analysis of this database. We discuss the climatic influences on GPP, net primary production (NPP) and NEP and present the CO2 balances for boreal, temperate, and tropical forest biomes based on micrometeorological, ecophysiological, and biometric flux and inventory estimates. Globally, GPP of forests benefited from higher temperatures and precipitation whereas NPP saturated above either a threshold of 1500 mm precipitation or a mean annual temperature of 10 degrees C. The global pattern in NEP was insensitive to climate and is hypothesized to be mainly determined by nonclimatic conditions such as successional stage, management, site history, and site disturbance. In all biomes, closing the CO2 balance required the introduction of substantial biome-specific closure terms. Nonclosure was taken as an indication that respiratory processes, advection, and non-CO2 carbon fluxes are not presently being adequately accounted for.
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