CHARACTERIZATION OF LIPIDS PRODUCED BY PARACHLORELLA KESSLERI, CULTURED UNDER NITROGEN STARVING CONDITIONS
2016
Clavijo, Erika | Montalescot, V. | Viau, M. | Kucma, D. | Bourseau, P. | Frappart, M. | Monteux, C. | Couallier, Estelle | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Bioprocédés Appliqués aux Microalgues (GEPEA-BAM) ; Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA) ; Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes) ; Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST) ; Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire) ; Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN) ; Université de Nantes (UN)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique) ; Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon) ; Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes) ; Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST) ; Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire) ; Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN) ; Université de Nantes (UN)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique) ; Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon) ; Université de Nantes (UN) | Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS) | Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire) ; Université de Nantes (UN) | Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle (UMR 7615) (LSIMM) ; Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Show more [+] Less [-]English. This work is developed in the context of biofuel production from microalgae. Nitrogen starving Parachlorella kessleri can accumulate lipids up to 45% (w/w) of the dry matter (Montalescot, 2015). Mechanical methods, like bead milling (BM) or high pressure cell disruption (HPCD) can be used (Cohen, 1999; Montalescot, 2015; Shene, 2015) to release the oil from the cell, before fractionation by membrane processes. For a better understanding of their behavior during fractionation, a detailed profile of the neutral and polar lipids is required. Indeed, the surface properties of lipid droplets stabilized by the polar compounds deeply impact the triacylglycerides (TAG) recovery. The lipid composition of other strains was published but mainly for cultures at the end of the stationary growth phase (Chen et al., 2007; Bigogno et al., 2002; Alonso et al., 1998). It has not been studied with such details for disrupted P. kessleri cultured under nitrogen starving conditions. In this work, non-disrupted and disrupted cells samples were characterized, as well as the supernatant of the latter obtained by centrifugation. Lipids were extracted with a modified Bligh and Dyer method, using CHCl 3 /MeOH (2:1, v/v). Total fatty acids (FA) were analyzed by GC-FID. The lipids classes separation (neutral and polar lipids) was performed by solid-phase extraction and analyzed by RP-HPLC and by HPTLC. The total FA profiles were similar for samples from the same batch, including BM and HPCD: C18:2n-6c (22-35%), C18:1n-9c (20-27%), C18:3n-3 (21-22%) and C16:0 (14-20%). The neutral lipids fraction (31-85% TAG) was up to 9 times higher than the polar one. The HPLC chromatograms present a highly complex profile. Concerning the polar fraction, several polar compounds already reported in the literature were identified: phosphatidylcholine PC (27-31%), phosphatidylethanolamine + phosphatidylglycerol + sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol PE+PG+SQDG (25-34%) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol DGDG (9-17%). The disruption method had an impact on the lipid class proportions. Then the formulation of a synthetic lipid mixture was deduced from analytical results to reproduce interfacial properties. This study is a first step to understand how the interfacial phenomena influence the lipids fractionation by membrane processes after disruption in a wet pathway.
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