Pomegranate Peel Extract Prevents Bone Loss in a Preclinical Model of Osteoporosis and Stimulates Osteoblastic Differentiation in Vitro
2015
Spilmont, Mélanie | Leotoing, Laurent | Davicco, Marie-Jeanne | Lebecque, Patrice | Miot-Noirault, Elisabeth | Pilet, Paul | Rios, Laurent | Wittrant, Y. | Coxam, Véronique | Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université | GREENTECH | UMR 990, UMR 990 Imagerie moléculaire Imagerie Moléculaire & Thérapie Vectorisée ; Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) | Laboratoire d'ingénierie osteo-articulaire et dentaire (LIOAD) ; IFR26-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR Odontologie (UFR Odonto) ; Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN) | Greentech, INRA UMR 1019 UNH Clermont-Ferrand
The nutritional benefits of pomegranate have attracted great scientific interest. The pomegranate, including the pomegranate peel, has been used worldwide for many years as a fruit with medicinal activity, mostly antioxidant properties. Among chronic diseases, osteoporosis, which is associated with bone remodelling impairment leading to progressive bone loss, could eventually benefit from antioxidant compounds because of the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of osteopenia. In this study, with in vivo and ex vivo experiments, we investigated whether the consumption of pomegranate peel extract (PGPE) could limit the process of osteopenia. We demonstrated that in ovariectomized (OVX) C57BL/6J mice, PGPE consumption was able to significantly prevent the decrease in bone mineral density (-31.9%; p < 0.001 vs. OVX mice) and bone microarchitecture impairment. Moreover, the exposure of RAW264.7 cells to serum harvested from mice that had been given a PGPE-enriched diet elicited reduced osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption, as shown by the inhibition of the major osteoclast markers. In addition, PGPE appeared to substantially stimulate osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity at day 7, mineralization at day 21 and the transcription level of osteogenic markers. PGPE may be effective in preventing the bone loss associated with ovariectomy in mice, and offers a promising alternative for the nutritional management of this disease.
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