The Effect of PAC and Alum Coagulants on the Reduction of Organic Matter in River Water during the Coagulation-Flocculation Process (Case Study: 12 Main Rivers during Dry and Rainy Seasons in West Java Province, Indonesia)
2024
lolo, elvis umbu
Natural organic matter (NOM) present in rivers affects the coagulation process in drinking water treatment, specifically coagulation and flocculation processes. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a laboratory-scale research using jar test. Natural organic matter (NOM) is found in most surface waters in West Java Province, along with suspended particles, colloids, and pathogens. The Jar test apparatus is a laboratory-scale coagulation-flocculation process used to determine the optimal coagulant dosage. Research results indicate that both PAC and alum coagulants affect the coagulation-flocculation process, with PAC exhibits more efficient effect. This advantage can be seen in the floc settling velocity, where PAC flocs settle by 0.80 cm/minute during the rainy season and 0.94 cm/minute during the dry season, while alum coagulant settle by 0.29 cm/minute for both rainy and dry seasons. Another advantage can be observed in the efficiency of NOM reduction. During the rainy season, the NOM reduction efficiency of PAC was 82%, and during the dry season, it was 77%, while alum coagulant reduction efficiency was 74% during the rainy season and 72% during the dry season. The coagulant's response to NOM reduction can also be noticed from the coefficient of determination. The coefficient of determination for PAC coagulant during the rainy and dry seasons were 45.79% and 20.58%, respectively, while alum coagulant values were 32.99% and 19.71% during the rainy and dry seasons, respectively.
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