Epidemiological Study of Intestinal Parasitism in the Child Population of Department of Managua (Nicaragua)
2021
Gozalbo Monfort, Mónica | Pavón, Aleyda | Toledo, Rafael | Muñoz-Antoli, Carla | Esteban Sanchis, José Guillermo
This study is part of a macroproject that aims to know the coproparasitological status and its correlation with epidemiological data and behavioral habits of the Nicaraguan child population. This contribution studies a total of 1,936 subjects (1,022 boys and 914 girls) aged between 1 and 15 years from the Department of Managua (Nicaragua), from different schools and neighborhoods, differentiating the population under study according to their origin (urban areas central and peripheral and rural areas). The coproparasitological study, performed on a fecal sample per subject, has made it possible to detect a parasitic spectrum consisting by 20 different parasitic species (11 protozoa and 9 helminths), with a total parasitation prevalence of 71.0%, by protozoa of 69.7% and by helminths of 9.2%. The most prevalent species were Blastocystis hominis (48.6%), Entamoeba coli (29.0%), and Giardia intestinalis (25.1%). Has been found a clear predominance of multiparsitism (65.7%) about monoparasitism (34.3%), with a case of parasitation by 10 different species. The influence of age, sex and different socioeconomic and hygienic-health factors that can pose a risk factor for the acquisition of enteroparasitosis has been analysed. The results obtained have been contrasted not only with the limited literature that has so far in the Nicaraguan children's population, but also in the Central American and Caribbean areas. The study carried out allows to highlight how positives it is, from the parasitological side, the children's campaigns of helminthic deworming carried out by the Government of Nicaragua, at least in the Department of Managua, taking advantage of child vaccination campaigns, although environmental sustainability policies must be addressed to improve the health of nicaraguan children.
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