Biomarker responses of Cu-induced toxicity in European seabass Dicentrarchus labrax: assessing oxidative stress and histopathological alterations
2017
Díaz de Alba, Margarita Isabel | Canalejo Raya, Antonio | Granado Castro, María Dolores | Oliva Ramírez, Milagrosa | El Mai, Bahija | Córdoba García, Francisco | Troyano Montoro, Miriam | Espada Bellido, Estrella | Torronteras Santiago, Rafael | Galindo Riaño, María Dolores | Química Analítica
A comprehensive approach to chemical accumulation and biological effects of short-term Cu exposure in juveniles of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) has been achieved. Fish were exposed to 0.01–10 mg L− 1 nominal Cu concentrations for 24–96 h. Metal concentrations in water and gills, liver, muscle and brain tissues were studied along with oxidative stress biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, lipid peroxidation). Induction of oxidative damage was observed in all the organs with differential antioxidant responses; gills appearing as the most sensitive from low environmentally water Cu concentrations as 0.01 mg L− 1. Histopathological alterations were also observed in liver and gills, even without a significant Cu accumulation. The results show that the combination of oxidative stress parameters, particularly lipid peroxidation and glutathione peroxidase activities, and histopathological alterations provide a good model fish and reliable early biomarkers for monitoring Cu pollution in seawater and might call for the protection agencies to revise the Cu environmental standards.
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