Rumiantes y emisión de gases de efecto invernadero.

This document deals with ruminants and greenhouse gas emissions. The production of methane (CH4) by ruminants is derived naturally from the digestive process in them, but it constitutes a loss of energy and contributes to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which is why the number of investigations has increased in order to reduce ruminal methanogenesis. Based on the conclusions, it is determined that there are a large number of factors that affect methane production in ruminants, so the strategies for its mitigation must be comprehensive and carefully designed at any planning level; To mitigate methane emissions from agriculture, and specifically from livestock, the search for alternatives to reduce methane production by ruminants should be a concomitant activity to all research and technological application in the area of animal nutrition, which which can contribute to reducing GHG emissions; The actions to mitigate methane emissions by ruminants are only part of the wide range of actions to be taken immediately to mitigate and curb the effect of global warming and climate change, and the diet that ruminants receive has a great influence on the amount of methane produced and forage diets tend to generate more methane than concentrated diets. The association of practices that enhance the formation of propionic acid (increased intake level and percentage of concentrate in the diet, improved forage quality, inclusion of by-products with a high content of unsaturated fat, etc.) with a reduction in provision of degradable protein in the diet can reduce methane production and simultaneously improve energy efficiency (due to the glycogenic nature of propionic acid) and protein.

This document deals with ruminants and greenhouse gas emissions. The production of methane (CH4) by ruminants is derived naturally from the digestive process in them, but it constitutes a loss of energy and contributes to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which is why the number of investigations has increased in order to reduce ruminal methanogenesis. Based on the conclusions, it is determined that there are a large number of factors that affect methane production in ruminants, so the strategies for its mitigation must be comprehensive and carefully designed at any planning level; To mitigate methane emissions from agriculture, and specifically from livestock, the search for alternatives to reduce methane production by ruminants should be a concomitant activity to all research and technological application in the area of animal nutrition, which which can contribute to reducing GHG emissions; The actions to mitigate methane emissions by ruminants are only part of the wide range of actions to be taken immediately to mitigate and curb the effect of global warming and climate change, and the diet that ruminants receive has a great influence on the amount of methane produced and forage diets tend to generate more methane than concentrated diets. The association of practices that enhance the formation of propionic acid (increased intake level and percentage of concentrate in the diet, improved forage quality, inclusion of by-products with a high content of unsaturated fat, etc.) with a reduction in provision of degradable protein in the diet can reduce methane production and simultaneously improve energy efficiency (due to the glycogenic nature of propionic acid) and protein.

El presente documento trata sobre los rumiantes y emisión de gases de efecto invernadero. La producción de metano (CH4) por los rumiantes se deriva de manera natural del proceso digestivo en estos, pero constituye una pérdida de energía y contribuye a las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI), por lo que ha aumentado el número de investigaciones a fin de reducir la metanogénesis ruminal. Por las conclusiones se determina que existe una gran cantidad de factores que afectan la producción de metano en los rumiantes, por lo que las estrategias para su mitigación deben ser integrales y cuidadosamente diseñadas a cualquier nivel de planeación; para mitigar las emisiones de metano de la agricultura, y específicamente de la ganadería, la búsqueda de alternativas para reducir la producción de metano por los rumiantes, debería ser una actividad concomitante a toda investigación y aplicación tecnológica en el área de la nutrición animal, lo cual puede contribuir a reducir las emisiones de GEI; las acciones de mitigación de las emisiones de metano por los rumiantes sólo son una parte de la amplia gama de acciones a realizar de manera inmediata para atenuar y frenar el efecto del calentamiento y el cambio climático global y la dieta que reciben los rumiantes tiene una gran influencia en la cantidad de metano producido y las dietas forrajeras suelen generan más metano que las dietas concentradas. La asociación de prácticas que potencien la formación de ácido propiónico (aumento del nivel de ingestión y del porcentaje de concentrado de la dieta, mejora de la calidad del forraje, inclusión de subproductos con alto contenido en grasa insaturada, etc.) con una reducción del aporte de proteína degradable en la dieta puede reducir la producción de metano y mejorar simultáneamente la eficacia energética (debido al carácter glucogénico del propiónico) y proteica.