Importancia de los Agentes Alelopáticos en el Manejo Integrado de Cultivos

The growing world population, together with a number of factors that threaten the stability of ecosystems, such as climate change and pesticide abuse, are producing less productive areas, and therefore less land dedicated to agricultural use. These facts make research on the most productive varieties that generate profitable, ecological and non-polluting agriculture a priority today. In nature, plants were subjected, throughout their history, to different biotic and abiotic components that have exerted a selection pressure, which will appear to evolve by developing different metabolic pathways through which they synthesize a gigantic variety of metabolites. secondary. Several of these secondary metabolites (known as allelopathic or allelochemical agents) have the potential to generate inhibition or stimulation in recipient organisms. These qualities can be beneficial in the Integrated Crop Management approach using allelopathy as a minimizer of weeds, controlling pests and reducing the populations of pathogens in field areas. The use of allelopathic plants turns out to be one of the agroecological alternatives, this is defined as the harmful or stimulatory effect that microorganisms and plants have the possibility of exerting on others.

The growing world population, together with a number of factors that threaten the stability of ecosystems, such as climate change and pesticide abuse, are producing less productive areas, and therefore less land dedicated to agricultural use. These facts make research on the most productive varieties that generate profitable, ecological and non-polluting agriculture a priority today. In nature, plants were subjected, throughout their history, to different biotic and abiotic components that have exerted a selection pressure, which will appear to evolve by developing different metabolic pathways through which they synthesize a gigantic variety of metabolites. secondary. Several of these secondary metabolites (known as allelopathic or allelochemical agents) have the potential to generate inhibition or stimulation in recipient organisms. These qualities can be beneficial in the Integrated Crop Management approach using allelopathy as a minimizer of weeds, controlling pests and reducing the populations of pathogens in field areas. The use of allelopathic plants turns out to be one of the agroecological alternatives, this is defined as the harmful or stimulatory effect that microorganisms and plants have the possibility of exerting on others.

La creciente población mundial, junto con una serie de factores que amenazan la estabilidad de los ecosistemas, como el cambio climático y el abuso de pesticidas, están produciendo áreas menos productivas, y, por tanto, menos tierras dedicadas al uso agrícola. Estos hechos hacen que una investigación sobre las variedades más productivas que permitan una agricultura rentable, ecológica y no contaminante sea una prioridad en la actualidad. En la naturaleza, las plantas estuvieron sometidas, a lo largo de toda su historia, a diferentes componentes bióticos y abióticos que han ejercido una presión de selección, que les permitió evolucionar desarrollando distintas rutas metabólicas por medio de las cuales sintetizan una gigantesca variedad de metabolitos secundarios. Varios de dichos metabolitos secundarios (conocidos como agentes alelopáticos o aleloquímicos) tienen la posibilidad de generar inhibición o estimulación en los organismos receptores. Estas cualidades pueden ser beneficiosas en el enfoque del Manejo Integrado de Cultivos usando a la alelopatía como minimizador de los enmalezamientos, controlando las plagas y disminuyendo las poblaciones de agentes patógenos en zonas de campo. El uso de plantas alelopáticas resulta ser una de las alternativas agroecológicas esta se define como el efecto nocivo o estimulatorio que tienen la posibilidad de ejercer microorganismos y plantas sobre otras.