Shiitake mushroom (Lentinola edodes) spread creams

This work is part of Agrio et Emulsio project (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-023583), the main goal is formulating and design an innovative food emulsion based on processed Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes), through sustainable methodologies with potential application in certain markets such as gourmet, diet and vegan [1]. Shiitake mushroom is a fungus of the phylum Basidiomycota and Lentinus gender. It is the second most cultivated edible mushroom in the world, currently accounting for around 25% of world production of edible mushrooms. Its importance nowadays, due to lifestyles and habits from Asian countries. It is considered a high-quality food with high content of protein, vitamins and minerals and low content in calories and fat [2]. An emulsion is a multiphase system consisting of two immiscible phases, one aqueous phase and a lipid phase, in which one phase is dispersed in another in the form of spherical drops. System stability depends on the membrane that holds the drops and varies over time. Spreads creams are water-in-oil emulsions which lipid phase is a mixture of vegetable oils and / or oils and animal fats, containing natural colorants, stabilizers, emulsifiers, flavourings, antioxidants, lecithin and liposoluble vitamins. The aqueous phase comprises skimmed milk proteins, and small amounts of other ingredients such as salt, preservatives, thickeners and water-soluble vitamins [3]. The methodology involved the experimental technological development with articulated microbiological assays, proximal and physico-chemical and sensory analysis. Two final prototypes were selected, one of them vegan with aqueous phase of vegetal origin, and another lacto-vegetarian with aqueous phase of animal origin, whey protein concentrate of goat's milk. These final prototypes were submitted to microbiological stability, proximal and physicochemical analyses, as well as food pairing & food design trials.

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