The effect of flaxseed supplementation on glycemic control in adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
2023
Zeynab Kavyani | Parisa Pourfarziani | Amir Mohamad Jafari Kakhki | Sana Sedgh Ahrabi | Amir Hossein Moridpour | Negar Mollaghasemi | Vali Musazadeh | Amir Hossein Faghfouri
Recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that flaxseed supplementation beneficially improves glycemic control; however, there is no consensus on this issue. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate the effect of flaxseed and its products on glycemic control in adults. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar till December 2022. Finding from forty-seven RCTs revealed that flaxseed supplementation had a statistically significant reduction in FBS (SMD: −0.66; 95% CI: −0.96, −0.35), HOMA-IR (SMD: −0.64; 95% CI: −1.02, −0.26), and insulin (SMD: −0.49; 95% CI: −0.80, −0.17). Besides, QUICKI increased significantly (SMD: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.13, 2.14) following flaxseed supplementation. Additionally, flaxseed did not change the HbA1c (SMD: −0.47; 95% CI: −0.97, 0.04) significantly. The present meta-analysis suggests flaxseed supplementation can improve FBS, QUIKI, HOMA-IR, and insulin levels but not HbA1c. Overall, flaxseed can be used as an adjuvant anti-hyperglycemic agent.
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