ASSESSMENT OF THE CORELATIONS BETWEEN THE AGROECOSYSTEM COMPONENTS AND FOOD SECURITY DOMAINS. CASE STUDY – REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
2023
Gheorghe Racovița
The productivity of the agroecosystem is a function directly dependent on the interaction between: the environment – social factors – agricultural systems. In the framework of this research, the interaction principles of the structure and functionality components of the field crops agroecosystems in the agri-food system in the production conditions of the agricultural households in the Central Zone of the Republic of Moldova and the impact on the dimensions of food security were studied. The assessment for a period of 41 years of the central properties of structure and functionality of the agroecosystems of winter wheat, sunflower and grain corn crops: (i) productivity; (ii) stability; (iii) sustainability; (iv) fairness; (v) autonomy, denotes the variable character of productivity, highlighting aspects of agro-ecosystem instability. A factor that influences the productivity of the agroecosystems of the researched crops is the difference in the harvest indices, which in percentage values are approx. 40% for winter wheat crop, 35% for sunflower and 45% for grain corn crop. The variable character of productivity deregulates the functional criterion such as agroecosystem efficiency. The factor generating agroecosystem instability for the researched crops is the inefficient use of agricultural potential at the national level, especially of soil resources. Agroecosystem dysfunctions affect the dimensions of food security such as: 1) the physical availability of food; 2) economic and physical access to food; 3) the use of food; and 4) the stability of the three dimensions over time, which consequently causes food insecurity in the Republic of Moldova.
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