Prospective study of leptospirosis and brucellosis in dogsfrom a public shelter in the municipality of Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
2025
Anna Cecília Trolesi Reis Borges Costa | Amanda Carvalho Rosado Ferreira | Dirceia Aparecida Custódio Costa | Raisa Abreu Bragança e Colocho | Josyane Lopes | Kelly Cristina de Souza | Susana Mantuani Reis Alvez | Gabrielle Zink de Pinho | Yasmim Domingos da Silva | Gustavo Ferreira de Brito | Blenda Araujo Martins Ferreira | Erika Aparecida Oliveira | Marília Gabriela Dias Chaves | Sérgio Novais de Melo | Ana Beatriz Barion Souza | Carine Rodrigues Pereira | Christian Hirsch | Rogério Oliveira Rodrigues | Marcos Bryan Heinemann | Andrey Pereira Lage | Javier Sanchez | Elaine Maria Seles Dorneles
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and incidence of canine leptospirosis and brucellosis in Parque Francisco de Assis, a shelter in Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, as well as the risk factors potentially associated with both diseases. Samples of blood, urine, and sera from all animals were collected in 2019 (n = 329) and 2020 (n = 325 dogs). DNA of Leptospira spp. (urine) and Brucella spp. (urine and blood) were searched by PCR, whereas microagglutination test (MAT) and agar gel immunodiffusion assay (AGID) were performed to identify antibodies anti-Leptospira spp. and anti-rough Brucella spp., respectively. The results showed no positive dogs in PCR for Leptospira spp.; however, a seroincidence of 9.24% was found considering MAT results, with Canicola and Autumnalis being the most common serogroups. The incidence of Brucella spp. PCR-positive animals in the 6 months was 5.62% in the urine and 11.23% in the blood samples, while AGID showed a seroincidence of 11.74% in the period. Overall, our results demonstrated the circulation of Leptospira spp. and Brucella spp. among the dogs from Parque Francisco de Assis, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, being the weight increase (1.10, 95%CI 1.00-1.21) and neutropenia (3.29, 95%CI 1.60-6.77), the risk factors associated with the occurrence of leptospirosis and brucellosis, respectively. Therefore, brucellosis was identified in the dogs of Parque Francisco de Assis, and the presence of antibodies against Leptospira spp. suggesting contact of the dogs with the pathogen, which represent a risk for the other animals and to the humans in close contact with the positive dogs.
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