SCIENTIFIC CONTRIBUTIONS FROM FMVZ-UADY ABOUT Petiveria alliacea: CONTROL ALTERNATIVE OF TICKS AND NEMATODES IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS

Background. In tropical and subtropical regions of the world, ticks and nematodes negatively affect the health and welfare of animals, the search for natural alternatives for parasite control is necessary to reduce resistance and dependence to antiparasitics. Objective. To present the main findings on the acaricidal and anthelmintic activity of Petiveria alliacea against ticks and nematodes of domestic animals. Methodology. Scientific articles were compiled from studies carried out by the animal health academic research group of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics of the Autonomous University of Yucatán. The review focused on the use of methanolic extracts and compounds from P. alliacea against larvae and adults of Rhipicephalus microplus, as well as against nematodes of the order strongylida such as Ancylostoma spp., Haemonchus spp. and cyathostomids. Main findings. Research on the biological activity of P. alliacea extracts have shown their acaricidal and anthelmintic potential. Extracts of P. alliacea showed high mortality rates on larvae and adult females of R. microplus resistant to ixodicides, as well as a decrease in reproductive parameters (inhibition of oviposition and hatching inhibition). The acaricidal activity of P. alliacea is attributed to the presence of the sulfur compounds dibenzyl trisulfide and dibenzyl disulfide, which cause histological damage to the reproductive system of adult females, affecting the oogenesis process. Additionally, P. alliacea demonstrated broad spectrum anthelmintic activity, exhibiting high percentages of hatching inhibition on A. caninum, H. placei and cyathostomid eggs. A difference was also observed in the acaricidal and anthelmintic activity depending on the part of the plant and the time of collection. Implications. Further studies are needed to identify anthelmintic active compounds of P. alliacea, elucidate the mechanisms of action of these compounds, and test both acaricidal and anthelmintic compounds in in vivo studies. Conclusions. The extracts of P. alliacea and its compounds showed high acaricidal and anthelmintic activity against R. microplus ticks and nematodes of the order strongylida of domestic animals, due to this, they are a potential control alternative for broad spectrum.