Identification of Major Brown Planthopper Resistance Genes in Indigenous Thai Upland Rice Germplasm Using Molecular Markers
2023
Kittiya Kanngan | Phijittra Umalee | Khanobporn Tangtrakulwanich | Rungrote Nilthong | Somrudee Nilthong
Brown planthopper (BPH) is the most problematic insect in rice cultivation, as it decreases crop yields. In this study, 143 upland rice varieties were genotyped for five essential <i>Bph</i> resistance genes: <i>bph2</i>, <i>Bph3</i>, <i>Bph14</i>, <i>Bph15</i>, and <i>Bph17</i>. The gene frequencies of the five <i>Bph</i> resistance genes varied from 33.57% to 61.54%. The 139 varieties contained one to five <i>Bph</i> resistance genes. Polymorphism information content values ranged from 0.4460 to 0.4984 with an average of 0.4744. Cluster analysis supported the subpopulations identified by STRUCTURE. An analysis of molecular variance analysis identified 7% variance among and 92% variance within subpopulations, indicating a significant gene exchange between the two subpopulations. The evaluation of BPH resistance using the SEM system by IRRI showed that 2 varieties were resistant to BPH, 29 varieties were moderately resistant, and 112 varieties were susceptible. The <i>Bph3</i>, <i>Bph14</i>, and <i>Bph15</i> genes and BPH resistance showed significant correlation. These findings provide important information regarding BPH-resistant varieties for future use in rice breeding programs.
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