Biochemical and Molecular Characterization of Wheat Genotypes Under Drought Stress: Implications for Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms and Genomic Analysis
2024
Numan Eczacioglu | Begum Terzi Aksoy | Özlem Ates Sonmezoglu | Yakup ULUSU
In abiotic stress factors, drought is a complex feature controlled by many genes. For this reason, drought stress effects should be investigated using molecular markers and biochemical characterization in wheat genotypes. Within the scope of this study; eight different wheat cultivars and two for control group including Gerek-79, known to be highly tolerant of drought, and sensitive Sultan-95 were grown during 40 days. After breeding, they were subjected to drought stress for 10 days. As a result of water deficiency stress, antioxidant amounts and antioxidant enzyme activities, which convert ROS into harmless components, are the most important resistance mechanisms against oxidative stress. Among the most effective anti-oxidative enzymes such as polyphenol oxidase (PPA), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (ASPX), catalase (CAT) levels were determined. The response of plants to stress can be described as changes in photosynthetic pigment, total protein, hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation (MDA) and proline levels as well as antioxidant enzymes level. We also analyzed wheat genotypes with drought tolerance related SSR markers (Xwmc 89, Xwmc 118, Xwmc 304, Xgwm 337). Thus, the effect of molecular characterization on the analysis of biochemical changes under drought stress was evaluated.
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