Phenolic Compounds of Fresh Roots and Rhizomes of Garden Angelica Angelica Archangelica L.

<p>Because in the process of drying and storage of plant materials is a change of genuine compounds, we studied the content of phenolic compounds in freshly drawn angelica roots and rhizomes of the drug <em>Angelica archangelica</em> L. samples had been taken on the territory of the Bashkir State University experimental plot a few days before soil freezing. Fresh rhizomes and roots were ground at room temperature and poured with 96% ethanol. The first portion of the extract containing the glycosides was kept at +5 ° C to precipitate the <strong>polysaccharides</strong>, and the residual plant material was extracted repeatedly during the day of 96% ethanol to isolate coumarins.</p><p>After two hours, the first portion of the extract containing glycosides was frozen in a refrigerator, and the remaining part was re-extracted by 96% ethanol for coumarin isolation next day. The second portion representing 80% of the ethanol extract was evaporated to a "tar" state under vacuum at room temperature. Then it was dissolved in CHCl₃ and placed in the refrigerator. After a day of keeping the chloroform extract at -10°C, its separation into two fractions was observed: a yellow-orange top and a poor-colored bottom.</p><p>After separation a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer Thermo Finnigan, 800-Finnigan chromatograph and mass spectrometer of high resolution MAT-95XP "Delta" with “Data System” processing were used.</p><p>In the alcohol fraction (50%) 6.45% there were found catechol, methylcatechol 0.61%, 4.23% 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, xanthyletine 0.78%, 4.21% osthol, 10.47% 2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H,5H-pyrano[2,3-b]chromen-5-one, 1.35% kvannin, isoangenomalin 0.37%, 0.8% psoralen and 1.32% prangenin.</p><p>In the colored fractions 0.41 % bergaptol, 0.41 % marmesin, 0.20 % oroselon<strong>е</strong>, and 0.07 % neobyakangelikol have been found. High levels of ethyl α-D-glucopyranoside amounting to 35 % were observed in this fraction as well. furocoumarin glycosides are entirely possible to be hydrolysed during the extraction process. The main part of coumarins (61.3%) was concentrated on the bottom, namely: osthol, oroselone, oroselol, oxypeucedanin hydrate, methoxyprangenin, heraclenol 3'-meester, prangenin (imperatorin epoxide), isoimperatorin (4-prenyloxypsoralen), biakangelicin, imperatorin (8-prenyloxypsoralen), isopimpinellin, angelicin, bergapten (5- methoxypsoralen), methoxsalen (8- methoxypsoralen).</p><p>The range of phenolic compounds isolated from fresh roots and rhizomes of Angelica was richer than then from dried material. Given that coumarin compounds identified have antitumor and antiviral activity, it is advisable to carry out the extraction of bioactive substances from the fresh feed.</p>