What does mash suffer from, or fungal diseases of the <I>Vigna radiate</I>

Relevance. Mash (Vigna radiate (L.) R.Wilczek) is a very ancient Asian legume plant, which, thanks to a number of advantages, may become an important vegetable crop in Russia. Young fruits and seeds of Vigna radiate are rich in protein, vitamins A, B, C, PP, iron, folic acid, and taste like green peas. A lot of essential amino acids and a low glycemic index make it possible to use even mature mash seeds for the preparation of dietary food. To preserve the harvest, it is important to know the diseases of the crop.Methods. For a number of years, a sample of the radiant vigna VR-2014 (Vietnam) has been studied on a natural infectious background in the soil and climatic conditions of the Belgorod region (Russia). Field tests and mycological studies made it possible to determine the species composition of phytopathogenic microscopic fungi, describe the symptoms and compare the main elements of accounting for mycoses.Results. The length of the growing season of the radiant vigna did not exceed 83 days, the appearance of seedlings was noted on 10-12 days from sowing, flowers – on 68-73 days. The height of the plants did not exceed 40 cm. Ascochytosis (the causative agent of Ascochyta boltschauseri) led to losses of 82% of seed productivity, with an average prevalence of 40% and the development of the disease of 2.5 points. Ascochitosis reduced the values of all elements of seed productivity: the length and number of fruits, the mass of 1000 seeds, but most of all (by 5 times) the weight of fruits and seeds from the plant decreased. Peronosporosis (the causative agent of Peronospora fabae) led to losses of seed productivity by 16%, root rot (the causative agent of Bipolaris australensis) and fomosis (the causative agent of Phoma diversispora) – by 17% and 11%, respectively. Spotting was the leading symptom of mycoses of Vigna radiate, and the most harmful phytopathogenic fungi were representatives of the ground-air group of pathogens.