APPLICATION OF MATHEMATICAL METHODS OF THE ANALYSIS IN THE SELECTION OF THE VEGETABLE PEA

The main factor constraining the development of vegetable production in Russia and its regions is the lack of domestic varieties. In the structure of the sown areas of Western Siberia leguminous crops occupy from 1 to 2%, which is clearly not enough. In this regard, it is necessary to increase the total area under leguminous crops, expand their range and identify sources of economically valuable traits in order to create new varieties suitable for cultivation in specific soil and climatic conditions. Objects and methods. The study of economic-value traits was carried out in the uchebno-experimental farm of Omsk State University in 2012-2016. The object for research was 54 samples of peas from the VNIISSOK, VIR, and foreign selection. As a standard, a variety of inexhaustible 195 was used. Results and conclusions. As a result of the research, sources of selected economically valuable pea vegetable seeds were selected for breeding in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia: Chinese, Bondi, Chika and Italy for shrinking vegetation period, for resistance to ascochitis and rust - Chinese, Chika, Gloriosa, for weight gain One bean – Chinese, Chika and Italy; Weight of beans and seeds from a single plant – Chinese, Chika, Italy, Bondi and Demos, 1000 seeds of weight – Chinese, Chika and Italy, according to the taste and suitability for canning and freezing - Chinese and Chika, by the number of nitrogen fixing nodules on one plant - Chinese. The use of cluster analysis on seven basic economic-valuable features allowed us to divide the studied collection samples into 7 clusters of different breeding value. The most promising in the practical and breeding plan should be considered samples belonging to the 6 cluster, which have the maximum expression of quantitative traits: height of plants (81,0 cm), stem diameter (0,7 cm), number of internodes (10,5 pcs.); the height of attachment of the lower bean (39,5 cm); the number of beans from one plant (13,0 pcs.); the number of seeds in a bean (5,5 pcs.); the weight of the 1st bean (1,4 g ); the mass of the beans from the plant (14,0 g); the weight of the seeds from the plant (9,7 g); the weight of 1000 seeds (200 g); ripening 7 days earlier than the standard.