The effect of Galega officinalis L. extract on the content of the advanced glycation end products and their receptors in rat leukocytes under experimental diabetes mellitus

Background. Diabetes mellitus intensifies non-enzymatic glycosylation (glycation) of biomolecules under conditions of chronic hyperglycemia and facilitates accumulation of advanced glycation end products. Disorders of the cells of various tissues are caused by binding of advanced glycation end products to the corresponding receptors, the level of receptors for advanced glycation end products increases under conditions of hyperglycemia. The interaction between receptors for advanced glycation end products and advanced glycation end products leads to the formation of excessive reactive oxygen species, changes in intracellular signaling, gene expression, increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and contributes to the development of diabetic complications. The search for factors of natural origin that will slow down the development of specific complications of diabetes, determines the feasibility of studies of the corrective ability of biologically active substances isolated from medicinal plants for the process of glycation of proteins in diabetes. Materials and methods. Experimental diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin. Separation of blood leukocytes was performed in Ficoll density gradient. To determine the extent of advanced glycation end products and receptor for advanced glycation end products in leukocyte immunoperoxidase labeling was performed. Results. A decrease in the content of advanced glycation end products in leukocy­tes under conditions of experimental diabetes mellitus was found. The obtained data indicate a possible contravention of glucose uptake by leukocytes in the studied pathology. At the same time, an increase in exposure to the receptor for advanced glycation end products leukocyte membranes in response to chronic hyperglycemia has been demonstrated. The ability of alkaloid free fraction of Galega officinalis extract to reduce the content of receptors for end products of glycation on the membranes of immunocompetent cells in diabetic animals has been confirmed, which may be due to the presence of biologically active substances with hypoglycemic action in its composition. Conclusion. Corrective effect of alkaloid free fraction of Galega officinalis L. extract on the content of receptor for advanced glycation end products in diabetes mellitus is mediated by its normalizing effect on carbohydrate metabolism.