Structure du bourgeon végétatif et relation avec le résultat de la croissance chez l'olivier (Olea europaea L.) : mise en évidence d'une préformation hivernale et estivale
2008
Jebari A. | Labidi F. | Mezghani M.A. | Ben El Hadj S.
Structure of the vegetative bud of olive tree and relation with the growth result (Olea europaea L.). Olive tree buds (Olea europaea L.) issued of the cultivar ' Chemlali ', were sampled and described on two periods of olive growth season (on winter rest and summer stop) and on different types of shoots (short, medium and long shoot). The aim of this study was to characterize the structural and anatomical aspects of olive buds during the stop of growth and to analyze the relationship between the bud content during the rest and the structure of the produced shoot on olive tree on the end of the two growth flushes. The anatomical study of buds showed the classic zonation of buds: central zone, lateral zone and medullar zone. The bud section showed a number of nodes exactly half of that were present due to the decussate phyllotaxis of the olive tree. All buds for all forms deducted before the spring bud break or before the autumnal flush, showed between 3 to 4 pairs of leaf primordia with an average of 3.25 pairs for winter bud and 3.80 for summer bud. In fact, they developed between 6 to 7 pairs of preformed leaves on the resulting shoot. To analyze the relationship between the bud content during the rest and the structure of the subsequently produced shoot, it appears that some shoots may be entirely preformed and another may consist of a preformed portion followed by a neoformed portion. These types of shoots contained preformed metameres before spring and autumnal growth (winter or summer preformation) and neoformed metameres formed and simultaneously expanded without bud formation after the preformed part (spring and autumnal neoformation).
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