Combinational Variation Temperature and Soil Water Response of Stomata and Biomass Production in Maize, Millet, Sorghum and Rice
2022
Phanthasin Khanthavong | Shin Yabuta | Al Imran Malik | Md Amzad Hossain | Isao Akagi | Jun-Ichi Sakagami
Environmental responses of stomatal conductance (<i>gs</i>) as basic information for a photosynthesis-transpiration-coupled model have been increasing under global warming. This study identified the impact of <i>gs</i> behavior under different soil water statuses and temperatures in rice, maize, millet, and sorghum. The experiments consisted of various soil moisture statuses from flooding to drying and combination of soil moisture status and temperature. There was a reduction in shoot biomass of maize and sorghum caused by decreasing of <i>gs</i>, photosynthesis (<i>A</i>), and transpiration (<i>E</i>) in early imposed waterlogging without dependent temperature, whereas millet and rice were dependent on temperature variation. The effect of gradual soil drying, <i>gs</i>, <i>A</i>, and <i>E</i> of maize, millet, and sorghum were caused by low temperature, except rice. The impact of the combination of various soil water statuses and temperatures on <i>gs</i> is important for the trade-off between <i>A</i> and <i>E</i>, and consequently shoot biomass. However, we discovered that an ability to sustain <i>gs</i> is essential for photo assimilation and maintaining leaf temperature through evapotranspiration for biomass production, a mechanism of crop avoidance in variable soil water status and temperature.
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