THE ALTERNATIVE GREENIZATION OF THE RESIDENTIAL AREA IN KYIV CITY

Green infrastructure of modern cities is an essential element of city planning, which provides recreational facilities and performs environmental functions, namely climate regulation, pollution and noise retention, ecological networks support, humidity retention etc. The analysis of the studies shows that green plantations are able to mitigate the negative impacts of climate changes and provide more comfortable microclimate within the city. The provision of Kyiv residents with green areas is sufficient, but mostly outside the city, while many central areas like Solomyansky and Svyatoshynsky districts lack the necessary volume of greenery. To provide the maximal environmental efficiency it is necessary to improve the species and geometrical structure of green plantations, provide efficient maintenance and employ alternative greenization for the expansion of green plantations area. The conducted experiments of plants stability to physical (low and high temperature, dusting, substrate salination) and chemical (gaseous pollution) factors showed that species with the highest resistance are poplar, birch and lilac. The creation of the system of voids within the rows of green plant improves their capturing efficiency for dust and soot. To expand the area of green plantations we offer to create extensive green roof on multi-storeyed buildings, for which the most appropriate plant species are offered. The choice of plants is based on their tolerance to low humidity and poor substrate; these are perennial grasses with developed foliation to provide maximal capacity of oxygen production and carbon capturing. In order to support the functionality of green plantations we recommend conducting phytomonitoring and using the data for prevention of environment quality degradation. It must cover the following issues: the state of green infrastructure and its decorative quality, entomologic and phytopathological condition of arboreal plantations, air quality with determination of basic phytotoxic substances quantity and total volume of industrial and transport emissions, soil condition analysis and phytotoxicity of precipitations.