DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHLY EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT

The article discusses the problems associated with processing buckwheat on roller deck machines and reducing the amount of crushed kernel. Recently, there has been a tendency to increase the number of processed fractions of buckwheat grain, which significantly improves the quality of the output product. At the same time, this requires more precise adjustment to the working gaps and obtaining the correct shape of the working area (crescent-shaped when processing buckwheat) between the abrasive roller and the deck. The designs of roller deck machines used in the cereal industry and their installation mechanisms are analyzed. The mechanisms used for installing the deck on rolling deck machines do not allow one to accurately set the shape of the working gap and its dimensions. A more advanced mechanism for removing the deck from the abrasive roller and a mechanism for installing the deck on a wedge shape between the deck and the abrasive roller (usually used when processing millet or sorghum) have been proposed. The calculations of working gaps confirm the correct choice of geometric parameters of the abrasive roller, deck and installation mechanisms. The dependences of the minimum working gap on the magnitude of the parallel movement of the deck are determined. The dependences of the difference in working gaps between the deck and the abrasive roller when changing the structural height of the deck were also found. It is shown that asthe deck height is reduced by half, the difference between the maximum working gap and the minimum decreases by four times. This significantly affects the shape of the processing zone and the working dimensions in the active zones of buckwheat peeling. Reducing the deck height under production conditions leads to an increase in the amount of broken grain, due to an increase in the number of grains passes through the hulling machines. Based on the obtained calculation data, the roller deck machine was modernized, and in fact, a new mdel was developed in which the process flow is stabilized, the conditions for feeding grain into the working area are improved, and the working gaps are adjusted optimally in two active zones of buckwheat grain processing. The design of the roller deck machine allows you to select the husks from the kernel and send them to waste bins.