Combined efficacy assessment of soil solarization and bio-fungicides for management of <em>Sclerotinia</em> spp. in lettuce (<em>Lactuca sativa</em> L.)
2009
Gil Rodrigo | Smith Alexander | Chaves Bernardo | Wyckhuys Kris | Forero Clemencia | Jiménez Jaime
<body> <p align="justify"> White mould:<em>Sclerotinia</em> spp., is the lettuce main disease in the Colombian high Andes. It causes yield losses of up to 70% and is primarily managed with chemical fungicides, while alternative control strategies are poorly used. Soil solarization and a set of chemical and bio-fungicides for <em>Sclerotinia</em> management efficacy in lettuce, were determined. Biofungicides included different doses of <em>Allium sativum</em> and <em>Matricaria recutita</em> extracts and <em>Trichoderma koningiopsis</em> suspensions. The fungicide procymidone was also evaluated. Field trials included single or combined treatments application. Non-linear modelling and AUDPC were employed to determine the efficacy of management strategies. Both S. <em>sclerotiorum</em> and S. </em>minor</em> caused white mould, being S. <em> minor</em> the dominant species. Solarization significantly lowered Sclerotia population in the upper soil layers and consequently lowered disease incidence. Highest levels of <em>Sclerotinia</em> control were achieved with solarization, particularly in combination with procymidone or <em>T. Konin giopsis</em> (79.08% and 41.50% disease reduction, respectively). Non-linear modeling of disease epidemic progress curve proved a valuable alternative to AUDPC, which allowed multiple disease development parameters estimation and indirectly the efficacy of management strategies. This work should help the advance of environmentally-sound management of <em>Sclerotina</em> spp. in lettuce, under the highly specific growing conditions of the high Andes.</p> </body>
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