Novel Proteoliposome-Based Vaccine against <i>E. coli</i>: A Potential New Tool for the Control of Bovine Mastitis
2022
John Quiroga | Sonia Vidal | Daniela Siel | Mario Caruffo | Andrea Valdés | Gonzalo Cabrera | Lissette Lapierre | Leonardo Sáenz
<i>Escherichia coli</i> is an important causative agent of clinical mastitis in cattle. Current available vaccines have shown limited protection. We evaluated the efficacy of a novel vaccine based on bacterial proteoliposomes derived from an <i>E. coli</i> field strain. Female BALB/c mice were immunized subcutaneously with two doses of the vaccine, 3 weeks apart. Between days 5 and 8 after the first inoculation, the females were mated. At 5–8 days postpartum, the mice were intramammary challenged with the same <i>E. coli</i> strain. Two days after bacterial infection, mice were euthanized, and the mammary glands were examined and removed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the vaccine as well as the immune response generated by the new formulation. The vaccinated mice showed mild clinical symptoms and a lower mammary bacterial load as compared to non-vaccinated animals. The vaccination induced an increase in levels of IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a against <i>E. coli</i> in blood and mammary glands that showed less inflammatory infiltration and tissue damage, as compared to the control group. In summary, the vaccine based on bacterial proteoliposomes is safe, immunogenic, and effective against <i>E. coli</i>, constituting a new potential tool for mastitis control.
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