Effects of long-term reduction of phosphate and potassium fertilizer in rice-wheat double cropping system field
2015
Ishibashi, M. (Fukuoka Agriculture and Forestry Research Center, Chikushino, Fukuoka (Japan)) | Araki, M. | Kuroyanagi, N. | Higuchi, S. | Aramaki, K.
We examined the effect of long-term reduction in the amount of phosphate and potash fertilization on the rice-wheat double cropping system field condition with non-volcanic ash soil and a straw returning system. With phosphate reduction over five years, the amount of available phosphoric acid was reduced from 14 - 26mg/100g dry soil to 7 - 9mg/100g dry soil. Furthermore, the yield of wheat in a test field with low available phosphoric acid level before planting was lower than that of wheat cultivated using conventional fertilization methods. From the relationship of wheat yield and available phosphoric acid, when available phosphoric acid before planting is less than 10mg/100g dry soil, for wheat with 50% - 100% phosphate reduction, yield is forecast to decline by 8 - 12% as compared to the control group. When exchangeable potassium was low, the amount of potassium absorbed by crops was reduced by potassium fertilizer reduction. In this study, no clear effect on the yield of rice or on the quality of wheat or rice was observed. Fertilizer reduction affects the nutrient balance in the soil. Therefore corresponding measures such as use of a low component fertilizer, and implementation of a soil diagnosis every 3 years to understand the nutrient status of the soil, are necessary.
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