Effects of high soil temperature on growth, flowering and capsule set of sesame cultivar 'Masekin'
2015
Kumazaki, T. (Meijo University, Nagoya (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture, Laboratory of Crop Science) | Kawamura, M. | Hirano, T. | Yasumoto, S. | Katsuta, M. | Michiyama, H.
The effects of a high soil temperature on growth, flowering and capsule set of sesame cultivar 'Masekin' (Sesamum indicum L.) grown in the pots were examined to evaluate the effect of elevated soil temperature by heater wire. High soil temperature (HST) treatment promoted stem elongation and thickening, leaf emergence and start of flowering during the early growth stage. In addition, the HST treatment increased not only the leaf number but also the leaf size and the chlorophyll content (SPAD value), suggesting that the assimilation was promoted. The promotion of the early growth by the HST treatment seemed to prolong the period of growth and flowering, resulting in the increase in the number of flowers and capsules and the seed yield. The seed yield at HST was greater than that at the natural soil-temperature due to increase in all yield components, e.g. capsule number, seed number per capsule and one seed weight, although the increase in the components except capsule number was slight. The capsule number per plant was increased by the HST treatment through the increase in the flowering-node number and the capsule set ratio. It was demonstrated that the growth and development of sesame were promoted even at a high soiltemperature above 40degC, which causes heat stress to the other crops.
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