Comparative analyses of anatomical, physical, and chemical properties of dried shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) cultivated on logs and sawdust media
2016
Tokimoto, K. | Tabuchi, A. | Sakuno, E. | Koshitani, H.
Most of the dried mushrooms of shiitake (Lentinula edodes) produced in Japan consist of fruiting bodies cultivated on logs, while the greater part of Chinese shiitake fruiting bodies are cultured in sawdust-medium. In this study, we investigated the anatomical, physical, and chemical properties of dried shiitake from 2 different methods of cultivation (log cultivation and sawdust-medium cultivation) and from 2 countries (Japan and China). In anatomical analysis, more than 50% of log-cultured shiitake had a sclerenchyma tissue, a component of the inner bark of logs, at the stipe base, but this tissue was not observed in sawdust-medium cultured shiitake. The increase rate of cap thickness after soaking a dried fruiting body in water was larger in log-cultured shiitake as compared to sawdust-medium cultured shiitake. In remoistened fruiting bodies, the energy necessary to pierce the cap flesh with a needle tended to be larger in sawdust-medium cultured shiitake than in log-cultured shiitake. ICP-AES analyses, using 0.15 g of the dried cap tissue, revealed that sawdust-medium cultured shiitake had much more Cu, K, P, and Zn content in comparison with log-cultured shiitake. The difference in element contents between log-cultured shiitake and sawdust-medium cultured shiitake appeared to depend on the quantity of the elements in the logs or sawdust-media, and on their own transition rate from substrates to fruiting bodies. Based on the results, a method was proposed to distinguish the 2 types of dried shiitake (log cultivation and sawdust-medium cultivation), with an accuracy of more than 99%.
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