Vitamin D deficiency in relation to the risk of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
2016
Pan, G.T. (Soochow University, Suzhou (China). School of Public Health) | Guo, J.F. | Mei, S.L. | Zhang, M.X. | Hu, Z.Y. | Zhong, C.K. | Zeng, C.Y. | Liu, X.H. | Ma, Q.H. | Li, B.Y. | Qin, L.Q. | Zhang, Z.L.
Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent all over the world and dietary intakes of vitamin D are very low in China. In this study we aimed to determine whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients aged over 50 y. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations were measured in a cross-sectional sample of 270 T2DM patients aged over 50 y from Zhejiang. Data on demographic characteristics, anthropometry and other variables were collected. The mean of serum 25(OH)D was 22.93 ng/mL, and percentages of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were 43.71 % and 39.63 %, respectively. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly lower in subjects with MetS than in those without MetS (21.74 vs 24.96 ng/mL, p=0.001), and the prevalence of MetS significantly increased according to tertiles of serum 25(OH)D concentrations. After adjusting for multivariate factors, the adverse effect of lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations was significant (OR: 3.26, 95 % CI: 1.03-7.34; p=0.044) in the group with BMI>=24 kg/square m while the change in OR of MetS for each 10 ng/mL decrease in the serum 25(OH)D concentrations was 2.03 (95 % CI: 1.10-3.79). These results suggest that serum 25(OH)D deficiency may be a risk factor of MetS among Chinese type 2 diabetic patients, especially in the T2DM with BMI>=24 kg/square m. The challenge is determining the mechanisms of vitamin D action for recommendation of vitamin D supplementation that reduces the risks of MetS and progression to T2DM.
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