Development and evaluation of an interferon-gamma release assay in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus)
2016
Paudel, S. (Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido (Japan). Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Wildlife Biology and Medicine) | Villanueva, M.A. | Mikota, S.K. | Nakajima, C. | Gairhe, K.P. | Subedi, S. | Rayamajhi, N. | Sashika, M. | Shimozuru, M. | Matsuba, T. | Suzuki, Y. | Tsubota, T.
We developed an interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) specific for Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Whole blood collected from forty captive Asian elephants was stimulated with three different mitogens i.e., phytohemagglutinin (PHA), pokweed mitogen (PWM) and phorbol myristate aceteate/ionomycin (PMA/I). A sandwich ELISA that was able to recognize the recombinant elephant interferon-gamma (rEIFN-gamma) as well as native interferon-gamma from the Asian elephants was performed using anti-elephant IFN-gamma rabbit polyclonal antibodies as capture antibodies and biotinylated anti-elephant IFN-gamma rabbit polyclonal antibodies as detection antibodies. PMA/I was the best mitogen to use as a positive control for an Asian elephant IGRA. The development of an Asian elephant-specific IGRA that detects native IFN-gamma in elephant whole blood provides promising results for its application as a potential diagnostic tool for diseases, such as tuberculosis (TB) in Asian elephants.
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