Latvijā audzēto gaļas šķirņu un to krustojumu liellopu realizācijas analīze = Sales analysis of beef breed and their crossbreed cattle grown in Latvia

During the research period from 2017 to 2022, 60411 cattle were slaughtered in Latvian slaughterhouses, but 113680 were exported to other countries. The exported cattle were 1.9 times more than those slaughtered in Latvia. The largest number of exported and slaughtered cattle were crossbreeds. Crossbreed cattle with the proportion of beef breed 75.00–99.99% (XG) were more exported, but cattle with the proportion of beef breed 50.00–74.99% (XX) were more slaughtered in Latvia, respectively 50194 and 29059. In the purebred group, SA (Charolais) cattle were slaughtered in the largest number – 4819, HE (Hereford) – 1294 and LI (Limousin) – 1237 significantly less. The largest number of purebred cattle sold for export was SA – 16925, LI – 2779 and Aberdinangus (AB) – 2331 breeds. In all gender groups, except for cows, export volume was greater than the number of cattle slaughtered in Latvia. Cattle of different ages were sold in slaughterhouses in Latvia during the research period. The youngest sold heifers were 574 days or 1.6 years old on average, while the oldest were suckling cows, 2587 days or 7 years old on average. Cattle of all gender groups for export were sold significantly younger compared to those slaughtered in Latvian slaughterhouses. Bulls were exported at the average age of 246 days or 8 months, and heifers were exported at the age of 298 days or 10 months. The average age of bulls at the time of export was 529 days or 1.4 years, while the average age of cows was 2500 days or 6.8 years, which is similar to the age of cows slaughtered in Latvian slaughterhouses. [LAV] Pētījuma periodā no 2017. līdz 2021. gadam konstatēts, ka Latvijas kautuvēs nokauti 60411 liellopi, bet uz citām valstīm eksportēti 113680 liellopi. Eksportēto liellopu skaits bija 1.9 reizes lielāks par Latvijā nokauto apjomu. Lielākā daudzumā eksportēti gaļas šķirņu krustojumu liellopi ar gaļas šķirņu asinību 75.00–99.99%, bet kauti dažādu šķirņu krustojumu liellopi ar gaļas šķirņu asinību 50.00–74.99%, attiecīgi 50194 un 29059 liellopi. Tīršķirnes grupā lielākā skaitā kauti SA (Šarolē) šķirnes liellopi – 4819, ievērojami mazāk HE (Herefordas) – 1294 un LI (Limuzīnas) – 1237. Lielākais skaits eksportam realizēto tīršķirnes liellopu bija SA – 16925, LI – 2779 un Aberdinangus (AB) – 2331 šķirnes. Visās dzimumu grupās, izņemot govis, eksporta apjoms bija lielāks par Latvijā kauto liellopu skaitu. Kautuvēs Latvijā pētījuma periodā tika realizēti dažāda vecuma liellopi. Kā jaunākās tika realizētas teles (vidēji 574 dienu jeb 1.6 gadu vecumā), bet vecākās bija zīdītājgovis (vidējais vecums 2587 dienas jeb 7 gadi). Visu dzimumu grupu liellopi eksportam realizēti ievērojami jaunāki, salīdzinot ar kautuvēs nokautajiem. Buļļi eksportēti vidēji 246 dienu jeb 8 mēnešu vecumā, bet teles 298 dienu jeb 10 mēnešu vecumā. Vēršu vidējais vecums eksportēšanas brīdī bija vidēji 529 dienas jeb 1.4 gadi, savukārt govju vidējais vecums – vidēji 2500 dienas jeb 6.8 gadi, kas ir līdzīgs Latvijas kautuvēs kauto govju vecumam.