Ecotoxicological effects of an aged TiO2 nanocomposite measured as apoptosis in the anecic earthworm Lumbricus terrestris after exposure through water, food and soil
2011
Lapied, Emmanuel | Nahmani, J. | Moudilou, Elara | Chaurand, Perrine | Labille, Jérôme | Rose, Jérôme | Exbrayat, Jean-Marie | Oughton, D. H. | Joner, E. J. | Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) | Laboratoire des Interactions Ecotoxicologie, Biodiversité, Ecosystèmes (LIEBE) ; Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement (CEREGE) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Show more [+] Less [-]English. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles seem to have a low toxicity to terrestrial organisms, though few studies are published in this area. TiO2 used in sunscreens are nanocomposites where TiO2 has been coated with magnesium, silica or alumina, as well as amphiphilic organics like polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS), and these coatings are modified by ageing. We assessed the ccotoxicity and propensity for bioaccumulation of an aged TiO2 nanocomposite used in sunscreen cosmetics, and its potential effect on the frequency of apoptosis in different earthworm tissues. The earthworm Lumbricus terrestris was exposed to the TiO2 nanocomposite for 7 days in water or 2-8 weeks in soil with the nanocomposite mixed either into food or soil at concentrations ranging from 0 to 100 mg kg(-1). Apoptosis was then measured by immunohistochemistry and Ti localized by XRF microscopy. Results showed no mortality, but an enhanced apoptotic frequency which was higher in the cuticule, intestinal epithelium and chloragogenous tissue than in the longitudinal and circular musculature. TiO2 nanoparticles did not seem to cross the intestinal cpithelium/chloragogenous matrix barrier to enter the coclomic liquid, or the cuticule barrier to reach the muscular layers. No bioaccumulation of TiO2 nanocomposites could thus be observed.
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