Comparative study of two Rift Valley fever virus field strains originating from Mauritania
2024
Chabert, Mehdi | Lacôte, Sandra | Marianneau, Philippe | Confort, Marie-Pierre | Aurine, Noémie | Pédarrieu, Aurélie | Doumbia, Baba | Ould Baba Ould Gueya, Mohamed | Habiboullah, Habiboullah | Beyatt, Ahmed Bezeid El Mamy | Lo, Modou Moustapha | Nichols, Jenna | Sreenu, Vattipally | da Silva Filipe, Ana | Colle, Marie-Anne | Pain, Bertrand | Cêtre-Sossah, Catherine | Arnaud, Frédérick | Ratinier, Maxime | Infections Virales et Pathologie Comparée - UMR 754 (IVPC) ; École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Laboratoire de Lyon [ANSES] ; Université de Lyon-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES) | Mycoplasmoses animales (MYCO) ; Laboratoire de Lyon [ANSES] ; Université de Lyon-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université de Lyon-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS) | Institut cellule souche et cerveau / Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute (SBRI) ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon | Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Ministère de l’élevage | Office National de Recherches et de Développement de l’Élevage et du Pastoralisme (ONARDEP) | Institut sénégalais de recherches agricoles [Dakar] (ISRA) | University of Glasgow | Physiopathologie Animale et bioThérapie du muscle et du système nerveux (PAnTher) ; École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)
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Show more [+] Less [-]English. Rift Valley fever (RVF) is one of the major viral arthropod-borne diseases in Africa. In recent decades, RVF virus (RVFV), the causative agent of RVF, has been responsible for multiple outbreaks in West Africa with important consequences on human and animal health. In particular, an outbreak occurred in 2010 after heavy rains in the desertic region of Adrar, Mauritania. It was characterized by the appearance of severe clinical signs among dromedary camels. Another one occurred in 2013–2014 across Senegal and the southern part of Mauritania. In this study, we characterized two RVFV field strains isolated during these two outbreaks. The first strain, MRU25010-30, was isolated from a camel (2010) while the second, MRU2687-3, was isolated from a goat (2013). By deep-sequencing and rapid amplification of cDNA-ends by polymerase chain reaction, we successfully sequenced the complete genome of these two RVFV strains as well as the reference laboratory strain ZH548. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the two field viruses belong to two different RVFV genetic lineages. Moreover, we showed that MRU25010-30 replicates more efficiently in various in vitro cell culture models than MRU2687-3 and ZH548. In vivo , MRU25010-30 caused rapid death of BALB/c mice and proved to be more virulent than MRU2687-3, regardless of the route of inoculation (subcutaneous or intranasal). The virulence of MRU25010-30 is associated with a high viral load in the liver and serum of infected mice, while the death of mice infected with MRU2687-3 and ZH548 correlated with a high viral load in the brain. Altogether, the data presented in this study provide new avenues to unveil the molecular viral determinants that modulate RVFV virulence and replication capacity
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