Widespread Occurrence of Expressed Fungal Secretory Peroxidases in Forest Soils
2014
Kellner Mail, Harald | Luis, Patricia | J. Pecyna, Marek | Barbi, Florian | Kapturska, Danuta | Krüger, Dirk | R. Zak, Donald | Marmeisse, Roland | Vandenbol, Micheline | Hofrichter, Martin | Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Microbiology and Genomics Unit [Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech] ; Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech [Faculté universitaire des sciences agronomiques de Gembloux] ([FUSAGx]) ; Université de Liège = University of Liège = Universiteit van Luik = Universität Lüttich (ULiège)-Université de Liège = University of Liège = Universiteit van Luik = Universität Lüttich (ULiège) | Department of Bio- and Environmental Sciences ; Internationales Hochschulinstitut Zittau = International Institute Zittau (IHI) ; Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden)-Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden) | Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft - DFG Priority Program 1374 "Infrastructure-Biodiversity-Exploratories'' [HO 1961/4-1, KR 3587/1-1]; Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech; Fonds de la Recherche Scientific - FNRS [2.4503.08]; French Research Foundation (EC2CO program MicrobiEn) [ANR-06-BDIV- 006 Fundiv]; French Research Foundation (EC2CO program MicrobiEn); US National Science Foundation's Long-Term Research in Environmental Biology program; US Department of Energy's Biological and Environmental Research Division; European Union integrated project "Peroxicats'' [KBBE-2010-4-265397]
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Show more [+] Less [-]English. Fungal secretory peroxidases mediate fundamental ecological functions in the conversion and degradation of plant biomass. Many of these enzymes have strong oxidizing activities towards aromatic compounds and are involved in the degradation of plant cell wall (lignin) and humus. They comprise three major groups: class II peroxidases (including lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, versatile peroxidase and generic peroxidase), dye-decolorizing peroxidases, and heme-thiolate peroxidases (e.g. unspecific/aromatic peroxygenase, chloroperoxidase). Here, we have repeatedly observed a widespread expression of all major peroxidase groups in leaf and needle litter across a range of forest ecosystems (e.g. Fagus, Picea, Acer, Quercus, and Populus spp.), which are widespread in Europe and North America. Manganese peroxidases and unspecific peroxygenases were found expressed in all nine investigated forest sites, and dye-decolorizing peroxidases were observed in five of the nine sites, thereby indicating biological significance of these enzymes for fungal physiology and ecosystem processes. Transcripts of selected secretory peroxidase genes were also analyzed in pure cultures of several litter-decomposing species and other fungi. Using this information, we were able to match, in environmental litter samples, two manganese peroxidase sequences to Mycena galopus and Mycena epipterygia and one unspecific peroxygenase transcript to Mycena galopus, suggesting an important role of this litter- and coarse woody debris-dwelling genus in the disintegration and transformation of litter aromatics and organic matter formation.
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