Proposal for modification of the Embryonic Stem Cell Test to expand its applicability.
2005
Koichi,I. | Spielmann,H. | Nakamura,M.
German. Developed by Spielmann et al. in 1997 and already validated in EU countries, the Embryonic Stem Cell Test (EST) protocol is a screening test method that easily and promptly analyzes differentiation toxicity of chemical substances in vitro. It is not applicable to insolubles or very slight solubles, but to solubles. Modification is necessary to test dental biomaterials that have a variety of compositions and are either soluble or insoluble, or have a variety of usage. In the present study, we tried to modify the protocol for expanding EST applicability, by exchanging the treating vehicle from a liquid medium to a type I collagen gel matrix. Accordingly, we embedded the test samples in type I collagen gel matrix based on a three-dimensional cytotoxicity method. That is, a method was employed to estimate the in vitro embryotoxicity from the time of placement of the test substances to the differentiation of ES cells. We examined the influence of three kinds of dental restorative materials on the ES cells. The differentiation rate was the highest for glassionomer cement, followed by two kinds of light-cured composite resins, and was nil for dental amalgam. It seems possible to perform in vitro embryotoxicity testing of dental biomaterials using this modification. Although this modified protocol has not been subjected to a validation process, it can be positively assessed to some extent by an in vitro examination of provisional embryotoxicity levels of dental biomaterials with complex compositions.
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