An Investigation of Food-Borne Bacteria detected in Fresh Water Fish and their Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Turkey.

The intense and unconscious use of antibacterial drugs or vitamins to protect fisheries production, fight against fish diseases and promote growth in fish can lead to the emergence of microorganisms resistant to antibiotics and serious public health problems through consumption. Little is known about the food-borne pathogens detected by molecular methods in fish which are grown in fish farms in Turkey and about the antimicrobial resistance genes of food-borne pathogens. In this study, DNA isolations were first made from collected fish muscle samples. Extended spectrum beta lactamase (blaCTX-M, blaSHV and blaTEM) and carbapanemase (blaKPC, blaOXA-48, blaVIM, blaIMP) genes were investigated in fish tissue and DNA was found to be positive with qPCR. As a result of isolation in 50 fish samples, 70 bacteria were detected by qPCR. Of the 11 samples with E.coli, 3 were identified as E. coli O157: H7. In the fish samples, Aeromonas spp. was detected at the highest percentage (46%), followed by P.shigelloides. When the distribution of the extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes were examined with qPCR in the samples with positive results, blaCTX-M was detected in 22 samples, teblaSHV in 19 samples and blaTEM genes were detected in 10 specimens. In 17 samples of P. shigelloides positive, no antimicrobial resistance gene was detected. When the distributions of the carbapenemase genes were found in the positive samples, the blaKPC gene was found to be positive in 6 samples and Aeromonas spp. was detected in 5 of these samples. The aim of this study was to analyze the status of food-borne pathogens detected in trout species in the Euphrates River and to analyze and demonstrate the antimicrobial resistance genes of these bacteria using the qPCR method. Food-borne pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes such as extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) and carbapanemases, were determined by molecular methods. To be able to reduce the currently increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance, the unconscious use of drugs should be reduced in the treatment of aquatic diseases and the data of the resistance genes in the pathogens detected in fish should be followed molecularly and epidemiologically.