Policy analysis of the Universal Public Health Insurance program for Afghan refugees in Iran: a protocol study

Abstract Background Given the recent global events leading to the migration of millions of people to various countries, this study seeks to identify the weaknesses and challenges in refugees’ access to healthcare services and propose solutions to reduce the financial burden on the health system and enhance the effectiveness of the Universal Public Health Insurance (UPHI) program. The ultimate goal is to improve the health of Afghan refugees in Iran. Therefore, this study aims to examine the insurance policies of the seven countries with the highest number of refugees worldwide and compare them with Iran. Method This is a qualitative study that will consist of three phases, encompassing a total of 7 steps. The initial phase involves conducting a comparative study among selected countries to identify UPHI coverage policies or programs for refugees. The second phase, which is the core of the study, involves analyzing health policies using the conceptual framework known as the "policy triangle framework." In the final phase, a panel of experts will present policy proposals based on their experiences and in alignment with the identified cases. These proposals will be prioritized using a prioritization matrix and policy dialogue. Discussion This research aims to examine the structural and policy challenges of health insurance for refugees in host countries, alongside an in-depth analysis of Iran’s insurance policies. It seeks to propose solutions such as sustainable financing methods, facilitating access to health services, and improving coordination between governmental and international organizations to implement health policies for current and future refugee-hosting countries effectively. Furthermore, the findings of this study could effectively guide decision-making and resource management for policymakers in countries with refugee populations.