Improvement of forb-grass stands and conservation of biodiversity in the mid-mountain zone of the Southern highlands of Georgia.

Preserving the biodiversity of the unique flora of the highlands, which has been formed and preserved for centuries, is of paramount importance. Amid climate change, agrobiodiversity decline is expected to be accelerated. Rational use of natural herbage makes it possible to extend the period of use of the land and take into account the biodiversity of cenosis species. One way to conserve natural species is to convert hayfields to pastures, which can be accelerated by increasing the load, mowing non-edible, residual grasses and applying environmentally friendly rates and types of fertilizers. Frequent use of grass results in a lower overall yield, while the forage obtained at this time is of relatively high quality. Hay-pasture rotation is considered to be one of the best ways to use natural pastures, this technology extends the life of the meadow and contributes to the biodiversity of the pasture. This allows you to correct the shortcomings of both mowing and pasture use. Among the individual types of biofertilizers, Organic proved to be the best, with the use of which an additional 148 l/ha of milk and 17.7 kg/ha of meat were obtained; With the addition of Bioactive, 104 liters of milk and 12.5 kg of meat were obtained; And with Isabion, the increase was 79 liters of milk and 9 kg of meat; The greatest increase in hay yield was noted with the combined application of fertilizers (Kuore crystal + bioactive + NPK 13:40:13), in particular, the yield increase was 17.0%, which gives an additional 130 l. milk and 15.5 kg of meat. It should be noted that there is no significant change in species on natural pastures from the tested biofertilizers. Tab. 1, Ref. 9.