Evaluation of Genetic Diversity and Genome-Wide Association Studies of Resistance to Bacterial Wilt Disease in Potato
2025
Okiro, L.A. | Mulwa, R.M. | Oyoo, M.E. | Ojwang, P. | Otieno, S. | Gaiero, P. | Pereira, G.S. | Mendes, T.
The development of novel improved varieties adapted to unstable environmental conditions is possible through the genetic diversity of breeding materials. Potato is among the most important food crops worldwide; however, there are still significant hindrances to breeding gains attributed to its autotetraploid and highly heterozygous genome. Bacterial wilt caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex is an important disease affecting potato among many economically important crops worldwide. No cultivated potato genotypes have shown a satisfactory level of resistance to bacterial wilt. Nevertheless, resistance can play a crucial role in effective integrated disease management. To understand the genetic landscape of bacterial wilt resistance in cultivated potato, we evaluated the diversity of 192 accessions from the International Potato Center (CIP) using 9,250 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and their associations with the response to bacterial wilt disease evaluated over two independent trials. Twenty-four accessions showed high resistance throughout both trials. Genetic diversity analysis revealed three major clusters whose subgroups were mostly represented by CIP clones derived from common parents. Genome-wide association analyses identified six major hits: two on chromosome 8 and one on each chromosome 2, 4, 5, and 9. These results facilitate genetic dissection of bacterial wilt resistance and enable marker-assisted breeding in elite genotypes for potato breeding initiatives.
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