Assessing Grevy's zebra (Equus Grevyi) and livestock interactions through satelite tracking and community involvement in Samburu country (Kenya)

A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Biodiversity Management and Research

The study's purpose was to delineate seasonal space use variations of the endangered Grevy's zebra (Equus grevyi), and to determine the extent of overlap of these areas with livestock grazing zones in order to identify core areas suitable for conservation efforts. E. grevyi requires protection as their population size severely decreased in the last century and they continue to suffer from habitat loss. Additional importance lies in reconciling interests of wildlife protection and livestock keeping, as this is the main livelihood for pastoralists in the study area. Grevy's zebras' movement in Samburu (Kenya) was monitored using GPSGSM collars between 2006 and 2014. Based on data from 26 animals, areas of highest occurrence within the three community conservancies were identified. Within one area livestock was tracked using GPS collars. These data were overlaid with zebra data. Additionally, livestock movements were discussed and mapped in participatory community group sessions. Important map features were digitized and overlaid with the zebra maps. Grevy's zebra hot spots were found to overlap in all years and seasons with negligible variation for individual zebras. Area utilisation between the wet and dry seasons showed no major spatial variance in extent nor location of hot spots. Analysis of tracking and community data revealed overlap of livestock and E. grevyi grazing zones with no apparent preferences for livestock free zones by Grevy's zebras. Considerable knowledge on the focus species and its interactions with livestock was found in the communities with positive attitudes towards conservation efforts. It was concluded that scientists and conservationists should apply more caution when claiming pastoralism is a threat to Grevy's zebra survival. This is not only a prejudiced perception but may also put vital support from pastoralist people for conservation at risk. Further it was recommended that community involvement and education programmes are carried forward.