Inoculant formulation for Bradyrhizobium spp.: optimizing CMC/Starch blends for improved performance.
2025
ALMEIDA, J. C. de | FAVERO, V. O. | ROUWS, J. R. C. | FREITAS, C. de S. | SOUSA, E. B. de | ROCHA, J. F. da | CHANTRE, N. C. S. | XAVIER, G. R. | OLIVEIRA, P. J. de. | RUMJANEK, N. G. | Jaqueline Carvalho de Almeida, Embrapa Agrobiologia; Vinício Oliosi Favero, Incaper; Janaina Ribeiro Costa Rouws, Embrapa Agrobiologia; Carla de Sant'Anna Freitas, OCP Brasil; Érica Barbosa de Sousa, UFRRJ; Jéssica Feitoza da Rocha, Abbott Laboratories; Nainicelle Cibelle Sousa Chantre, Ministerio da Educacao de Cabo Verde; Gustavo Ribeiro Xavier, Embrapa Agrobiologia; Paulo Jansen de Oliveira, UFRRJ; Norma Gouvêa Rumjanek, Embrapa Agrobiologia.
Inoculating legumes with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as Bradyrhizobium , can significantly reduce reliance on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers. To optimize this process, a suitable rhizobial strain must be carefully selected and formulated. This study aimed to develop a biopolymer blend formulation for Bradyrhizobium pachyrhizi strain BR 3262. From four commercial starches and two carboxymethylcelluloses (CMC), we developed CMC/starch blends compatibilized or not with MgO at concentrations from 0.1% to 1.0% and subjected them to autoclaving for either 30 or 60 min. The resulting inoculants were stored for 168 days. Generally, blends compatibilized with 1.0% MgO exhibited a significant decrease in cell numbers, likely due to the observed pH values of approximately 10. The best performance was observed for CMC-I/starch B blends autoclaved for 60 min, and CMC-II/starch C blends autoclaved for 30 min, both compatibilized with 0.3% MgO. These blends maintained a cell viability of 10 8 CFU mL −1 for approximately 130 days at room temperature. Blend optimization depends on the selection of specific interactions and quantities of each component in order to achieve a given functionality; in the conditions of this study, the capacity to maintain Bradyrhizobium cell viability for at least four months.
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